Mark Stoneman

Independent Historian / Freelance Editor and Translator

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Uncle Sam peers from behind the walls of a fort built of a literacy test and armed with pens. A flag in the background reads "The Land of the Free". Outside the fortress wall is a family just arrived on the shore looking up at Uncle Sam and his wall. Caption: "The American wall as Congressman Burnett would build it." Uncle Sam is saying, "You're welcome in—if you can climb it!"

Speaking of imagined walls, here’s one from 1916, courtesy of the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2006681433/.